Elavil
Brand
name:Elavil
Pronounced: ELL-uh-vil
Generic name: Amitriptyline hydrochloride
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Why
is Elavil prescribed?
Elavil
is prescribed for the relief of symptoms of mental depression.
It is a member of the group of drugs called tricyclic antidepressants.
Some doctors also prescribe Elavil to treat bulimia (an eating
disorder), to control chronic pain, to prevent migraine headaches,
and to treat a pathological weeping and laughing syndrome associated
with multiple sclerosis.
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Most
important fact about Elavil
You
may need to take Elavil regularly for several weeks before it
becomes fully effective. Do not skip doses, even if they seem
to make no difference or you feel you don't need them.
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How
should you take Elavil?
Take
Elavil exactly as prescribed. You may experience side effects,
such as mild drowsiness, early in therapy. However, they usually
disappear after a few days. Beneficial effects may take as long
as 30 days to appear.
Elavil
may cause dry mouth. Sucking a hard candy, chewing gum, or melting
bits of ice in your mouth can provide relief.
--
If you miss a dose...
Take
it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next
dose, skip the one you missed and go back to your regular schedule.
Never take 2 doses at the same time.
If
you take a single daily dose at bedtime, do not make up for it
in the morning. It may cause side effects during the day.
--
Storage instructions...
Keep
Amitriptyline in a tightly closed container. Store at room temperature.
Protect from light and excessive heat.
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What
side effects may occur?
Side
effects cannot be anticipated. If any develop or change in intensity,
inform your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine
if it is safe for you to continue taking Amitriptyline.
Older
adults are especially liable to certain side effects of Elavil,
including rapid heartbeat, constipation, dry mouth, blurred vision,
sedation, and confusion, and are in greater danger of sustaining
a fall.
Side
effects may include:
Abnormal movements, anxiety, black tongue, blurred vision, breast
development in males, breast enlargement, coma, confusion, constipation,
delusions, diarrhea, difficult or frequent urination, difficulty
in speech, dilation of pupils, disorientation, disturbed concentration,
dizziness on getting up, dizziness or light-headedness, drowsiness,
dry mouth, excessive or spontaneous flow of milk, excitement,
fatigue, fluid retention, hair loss, hallucinations, headache,
heart attack, hepatitis, high blood pressure, high fever, high
or low blood sugar, hives, impotence, inability to sleep, increased
or decreased sex drive, increased perspiration, increased pressure
within the eye, inflammation of the mouth, intestinal obstruction,
irregular heartbeat, lack or loss of coordination, loss of appetite,
low blood pressure, nausea, nightmares, numbness, rapid and/or
fast, fluttery heartbeat, rash, red or purple spots on skin, restlessness,
ringing in the ears, seizures, sensitivity to light, stomach upset,
strange taste, stroke, swelling due to fluid retention in the
face and tongue, swelling of testicles, swollen glands, tingling
and pins and needles in the arms and legs, tremors, vomiting,
weakness, weight gain or loss, yellowed eyes and skin
Side
effects due to rapid decrease or abrupt withdrawal from Amitriptyline
include:
Headache, nausea, vague feeling of bodily discomfort
Side
effects due to gradual dosage reduction may include:
Dream and sleep disturbances, irritability, restlessness
These
side effects do not signify an addiction to the drug.
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Why
should Elavil not be prescribed?
If
you are sensitive to or have ever had an allergic reaction to
Elavil or similar drugs such as Norpramin and Tofranil, you should
not take this medication. Make sure your doctor is aware of any
drug reactions you have experienced.
Do
not take Elavil while taking other drugs known as MAO inhibitors.
Drugs in this category include the antidepressants Nardil and
Parnate.
Unless
you are directed to do so by your doctor, do not take this medication
if you are recovering from a heart attack.
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Special
warnings about Elavil
Do
not stop taking Elavil abruptly, especially if you have been taking
large doses for a long time. Your doctor probably will want to
decrease your dosage gradually. This will help prevent a possible
relapse and will reduce the possibility of withdrawal symptoms.
Elavil
may make your skin more sensitive to sunlight. Try to stay out
of the sun, wear protective clothing, and apply a sun block.
Elavil
may cause you to become drowsy or less alert; therefore, you should
not drive or operate dangerous machinery or participate in any
hazardous activity that requires full mental alertness until you
know how this drug affects you.
While
taking Amitriptyline, you may feel dizzy or light-headed or actually
faint when getting up from a lying or sitting position. If getting
up slowly doesn't help or if this problem continues, notify your
doctor.
Use
Amitriptyline with caution if you have ever had seizures, urinary
retention, glaucoma or other chronic eye conditions, a heart or
circulatory system disorder, or liver problems. Be cautious, too,
if you are receiving thyroid medication. You should discuss all
of your medical problems with your doctor before starting Elavil
therapy.
Before
having surgery, dental treatment, or any diagnostic procedure,
tell the doctor that you are taking Elavil. Certain drugs used
during surgery, such as anesthetics and muscle relaxants, and
drugs used in certain diagnostic procedures may react badly with
Elavil.
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Possible
food and drug interactions
Elavil may intensify the effects of alcohol. Do not drink alcohol
while taking Amitriptyline.
If
Elavil is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either
could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important
that you consult with your doctor before taking Elavil in combination
with the following:
-
Airway-opening drugs such as Sudafed and Proventil
- Antidepressants that raise serotonin levels, such as Paxil,
Prozac, and Zoloft
- Other antidepressants, such as Asendin
- Antihistamines such as Benadryl and Tavist
- Barbiturates such as phenobarbital
- Certain blood pressure medicines such as Catapres and Ismelin
- Cimetidine (Tagamet)
- Disulfiram (Antabuse)
- Drugs that control spasms, such as Bentyl and Donnatal
- Estrogen drugs such as Premarin and oral contraceptives
- Ethchlorvynol (Placidyl)
- Major tranquilizers such as Mellaril and Thorazine
- MAO inhibitors, such as Nardil and Parnate
- Medications for irregular heartbeat, such as Tambocor and Rythmol
- Painkillers such as Demerol and Percocet
- Parkinsonism drugs such as Cogentin and Larodopa
- Quinidine (Quinidex)
- Seizure medications such as Tegretol and Dilantin
- Sleep medicines such as Halcion and Dalmane
- Thyroid hormones (Synthroid)
- Tranquilizers such as Librium and Xanax
- Warfarin (Coumadin)
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Special
information
The effects of Elavil during pregnancy have not been adequately
studied. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, inform
your doctor immediately. This medication appears in breast milk.
If Elavil is essential to your health, your doctor may advise
you to discontinue breastfeeding until your treatment is finished.
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Recommended
dosage
ADULTS
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The usual starting dosage is 75 milligrams per day divided into
2 or more smaller doses. Your doctor may gradually increase this
dose to 150 milligrams per day. The total daily dose is generally
never higher than 200 milligrams.
Alternatively, your doctor may want you to start with 50 milligrams
to 100 milligrams at bedtime. He or she may increase this bedtime
dose by 25 or 50 milligrams up to a total of 150 milligrams a
day.
For
long-term use, the usual dose ranges from 40 to 100 milligrams
taken once daily, usually at bedtime.
CHILDREN
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Use of Elavil is not recommended for children under 12 years of
age.
The usual dose for adolescents 12 years of age and over is 10
milligrams, 3 times a day, with 20 milligrams taken at bedtime.
OLDER
ADULTS
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The usual dose is 10 milligrams taken 3 times a day, with 20 milligrams
taken at bedtime.
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Overdosage
An
overdose of Elavil can prove fatal.
Symptoms
of Elavil overdose include:
Abnormally low blood pressure, confusion, convulsions, dilated
pupils and other eye problems, disturbed concentration, drowsiness,
hallucinations, impaired heart function, rapid or irregular heartbeat,
reduced body temperature, stupor, unresponsiveness or coma
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