Zestril
Brand
name:Zestril
Pronounced: ZEST-rill
Generic name: Lisinopril
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Why
is Zestril prescribed?
Lisinopril
is used in the treatment of high blood pressure. It is effective
when used alone or when combined with other high blood pressure
medications. It may also be used with other medications in the
treatment of heart failure, and may be given within 24 hours of
a heart attack to improve chances of survival.
Lisinopril
is a type of drug called an ACE inhibitor. It works by reducing
production of a substance that increases salt and water retention
in your body.
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Most
important fact about Zestril
If
you have high blood pressure, you must take lisinopril regularly
for it to be effective. Since blood pressure declines gradually,
it may be several weeks before you get the full benefit of lisinopril;
and you must continue taking it even if you are feeling well.
Lisinopril does not cure high blood pressure; it merely keeps
it under control.
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How
should you take Zestril?
Lisinopril
can be taken with or without food. Take it exactly as prescribed.
Stopping lisinopril suddenly could cause your blood pressure to
rise.
--If
you miss a dose...
Take
the forgotten dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time
for your next dose, skip the one you missed and go back to your
regular schedule. Never take 2 doses at the same time.
--Storage
instructions...
Store
at room temperature, with the container sealed and dry. Avoid
excessive heat or freezing cold.
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What
side effects may occur?
Side
effects cannot be anticipated. If any develop or change in intensity,
inform your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine
if it is safe for you to continue taking lisinopril.
More
common side effects may include:
Chest pain, cough, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, low blood pressure
Less
common or rare side effects may include:
Abdominal pain, anemia, arm pain, arthritis, asthma, back pain,
blood clot in lungs, blurred vision, breast pain, bronchitis,
changes in sense of taste, chills, common cold, confusion, constipation,
coughing up blood, cramps in stomach/intestines, decreased sex
drive, dehydration, diabetes, dizziness on standing, double vision,
dry mouth, fainting, fatigue, feeling of illness, fever, flu,
fluid retention, flushing, gas, gout, hair loss, heart attack,
heartburn, hepatitis, hip pain, hives, impotence, inability to
sleep or sleeping too much, incoordination, indigestion, inflamed
stomach, intolerance of light, irregular heartbeat, irritability,
joint pain, kidney trouble or failure, knee pain, laryngitis,
leg pain, little or no urine, lung cancer, lung inflammation,
memory impairment, muscle pain or cramps, nasal congestion or
inflammation, nausea, neck pain, nervousness, nosebleed, numbness
or tingling, painful breathing, painful urination, pelvic pain,
pneumonia, prickling or burning sensation, rapid or fluttery heartbeat,
rash, reddening of skin, respiratory infection, ringing in ears,
runny nose, sensitivity to light, skin infections or eruptions,
shoulder pain, sinus inflammation, sleepiness, sore throat, spasm,
stroke, sweating, swelling of face or arms and legs, taste disturbances,
thigh pain, tremor, urinary tract infection, vertigo, virus infection,
vision changes, vomiting, weakness, weight loss or gain, wheezing,
yellow eyes and skin
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Special
warnings about Zestril
If
you develop swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat, or
of your arms and legs, or have difficulty swallowing or breathing,
you should contact your doctor immediately. You may need emergency
treatment.
If
you are being given bee or wasp venom to guard against future
reactions, you may have a severe reaction to lisinopril.
If
you have congestive heart failure or other heart problems, a kidney
disorder, or a connective tissue disease such as lupus, you should
use this drug with caution. Your doctor may perform periodic blood
tests while you are taking this medication.
If
you are taking lisinopril, a complete assessment of your kidney
function should be done and kidney function should continue to
be monitored. Lisinopril is used with great caution after a heart
attack if the patient also has kidney problems.
This
drug also should be used with caution if you are on dialysis.
There have been reports of extreme allergic reactions during dialysis
in people taking ACE inhibitor medications such as lisinopril.
If
you are taking high doses of a diuretic (water pill) and lisinopril,
you may develop excessively low blood pressure. This problem is
also more likely if you are being treated for heart failure.
Lisinopril
may cause some people to become dizzy, light-headed, or faint,
especially if they have heart failure or are taking a water pill
at the same time. Do not drive, operate dangerous machinery, or
participate in any hazardous activity that requires full mental
alertness until you are certain lisinopril does not have this
effect on you.
If
you develop chest pain, sore throat, fever, and chills, contact
your doctor for medical attention. It could indicate a more serious
condition.
If
your skin and the whites of your eyes turn yellow, stop taking
the medication and contact your doctor.
Avoid
salt substitutes that contain potassium. Limit your consumption
of potassium-rich foods such as bananas, prunes, raisins, orange
juice, and whole and skim milk. Ask your doctor for advice on
how much of these foods to consume.
Excessive
sweating, dehydration, severe diarrhea, or vomiting could cause
you to lose too much water and cause your blood pressure to drop
dangerously.
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Possible
food and drug interactions
If lisinopril is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of
either could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially
important to check with your doctor before combining lisinopril
with any of the following:
-
Indomethacin (Indocin)
- Lithium (Lithonate, Eskalith)
- Potassium preparations such as K-Phos and Micro-K
Water
pills such as HydroDIURIL and Lasix, and others that leave potassium
in the body, such as Aldactone and Midamor
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Special
information
If it is taken during the final 6 months of pregnancy, lisinopril
can cause birth defects, prematurity, and death in the fetus and
newborn. If you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant and are
taking lisinopril, contact your doctor immediately to discuss
the potential hazard to your unborn child. Lisinopril may appear
in breast milk and could affect a nursing infant. If this medication
is essential to your health, your doctor may advise you to discontinue
breastfeeding until your treatment with this medication is finished.
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Recommended
dosage
ADULTS
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High Blood Pressure
For people not on water pills (diuretics), the initial starting
dose is usually 10 milligrams, taken 1 time a day. Your doctor
will increase the dosage until your blood pressure is under control.
The long-term dosage usually ranges from 20 to 40 milligrams a
day, taken in a single dose.
Diuretic
use should, if possible, be stopped before using lisinopril. If
not, your physician may give an initial dose of 5 milligrams under
supervision before any further medication is prescribed.
People
with kidney disorders must be carefully monitored, and dosages
will be adjusted to the individual's needs, depending on kidney
function.
Heart
Failure
For this condition, lisinopril is usually prescribed along with
diuretics and digitalis. The recommended starting dose is 5 milligrams
once a day, with the first dose taken under your doctor's supervision.
The doctor may increase the dose by up to 10 milligrams at intervals
of no less than 2 weeks. Typical long-term dosages range from
5 to 40 milligrams taken once a day.
Heart
Attack
The usual dose is 5 milligrams within the first 24 hours after
a heart attack, then 5 milligrams 24 hours later, 10 milligrams
48 hours later, and, finally, 10 milligrams once a day for 6 weeks.
If low blood pressure is a problem, the doctor may recommend a
lower dosage.
CHILDREN
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The safety and effectiveness of lisinopril in children have not
been established.
OLDER
ADULTS
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The physician will adjust the dosage carefully, according to the
individual's needs.
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Overdosage
Any
medication taken in excess can cause symptoms of overdose. If
you suspect an overdose, seek medical attention immediately.
A
severe drop in blood pressure is the primary sign of a lisinopril
overdose.
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